Regional Integration in Latin America - The Pacific Alliance a Way Ahead
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Regional Integration in Latin America - The Pacific Alliance a Way Ahead
Portuguese, Theses

Brazil and the Pacific Alliance: conflicting views in regional integration?

Abstract:
The Pacific Alliance (Chile, Colombia, Peru and Mexico) emerged as a new bloc in Latin America in April of 2011. Its members declared it to be an integration process to promote open regionalism and to deepen ties with the Asia-Pacific region – as it was stated in the Pacific Alliance Framework Agreement. From then on, the idea that the Pacific Alliance could constrain Mercosur was debated by the Academia, by both national and international media and also by Brazilian domestic agents.

At first, Brazil treated the impacts of the Pacific Alliance on Mercosur with some skepticism. This approach was mainly because Brazil believed that the Pacific Alliance could learn from the Mercosur experience, until 2014, when there was a Brazilian initiative to bring together Mercosur and the Pacific Alliance. Thereafter it has been an important topic in Brazilian foreign policy agenda.

This dissertation focuses on understanding this subject through Brazilian foreign policy, by highlighting how Brazil perceived the Pacific Alliance and what were the initiatives related to this bloc between 2011 and 2018. The research was based on a qualitative methodology and qualitative data to answer if the Pacific Alliance is conflicting or complementary to the Brazilian regional integration agenda.

The results elucidate the main Brazilian statements about the Pacific Alliance. It examines how the Pacific Alliance became an internal topic of discussion, which domestic agents and government agencies were involved in the decision-making process, what the differences were in their involvement. It primarily discusses the lines of continuity from one government to another supporting the hypothesis that the Pacific Alliance conflicts with the Brazilian agenda for regional integration.

Resumen:
La Alianza del Pacífico (Chile, Colombia, Perú y México) surgió en América Latina como un nuevo bloque regional en abril de 2011. Fue declarado por sus miembros como un proceso de integración regional que fomenta – según el Acuerdo Marco de la Alianza del Pacífico – el regionalismo abierto y la inserción internacional en la región Asia-Pacífico.

A partir de entonces, se empezó a discutir la idea de que la Alianza del Pacífico contrastaba con Mercosur por la Academia, por periódicos nacionales e internacionales, y por actores domésticos brasileños. En un primer momento, por parte de Brasil, los impactos de la Alianza del Pacífico sobre Mercosur fueron tratados con cierto escepticismo, principalmente por que se creía que la Alianza del Pacífico podría aprender con la experiencia del Mercosur, hasta que en 2014 hubo una iniciativa por parte de Brasil de aproximarse al bloque y, actualmente, este ha sido un tema relevante en la agenda de política exterior de Brasil.

La presente tesis de magíster se enfoca a comprender dicha aproximación a partir de la política exterior brasileña, enfocándose en cómo ésta percibe y se relaciona con la Alianza del Pacífico en el período entre 2011 y 2018. La investigación realizada se fundamentó en metodología y datos cualitativos para contestar la pregunta si la Alianza del Pacífico está en conflicto o es complementaria a la agenda brasileña para la integración regional.

Los resultados presentados elucidan los principales posicionamientos brasileños en relación a la Alianza del Pacífico a lo largo del período; cómo surgió el debate interno en relación a aquella; cuáles actores domésticos y agencias gubernamentales se involucraron en el proceso de decisión; cuáles son las diferencias, y principalmente, cuáles son las líneas de continuidad de un gobierno y el otro que sostienen la hipótesis de que la Alianza del Pacífico es opuesta a los objetivos brasileños para la integración regional.

Author: Julia de Souza Borba Gonçalvez

Spanish Title: Brasil y la Alianza del Pacífico: ¿visiones en disputa en la integración regional?

Portuguese Title: Brasil e a Aliança do Pacífico: visões em disputa na integração regional?

Full document:2019, Borba, Brasil e a Aliança do Pacífico- visões em disputa na integração regional?

January 16, 2017by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

The Decline of the Monroe Doctrine? Colombia and Brazil, between a Traditional North and a Renewed South

Abstract:
Since the formulation of the Monroe Doctrine, The United States defined Latin America as his ‘backyard’ in the XIXth and XXth centuries. However, the global and regional transformations in the XXIst century have weakened the Doctrine, and promoted a new idea of the space, named South America. This paper analyses the role of Brazil as a regional power, which leads the creation of this new space. Furthermore, it examines the role of Colombia, a United States traditional ally, under the Brazilian leadership.

Resumen:
En los siglos XIX y XX, Estados Unidos definió a Latinoamérica como su ‘patio trasero’ a partir de la formulación de la Doctrina Monroe. Sin embargo, las transformaciones globales y regionales que se vienen desarrollando en el siglo XXI han debilitado dicha doctrina y han posibilitado la aparición de una nueva concepción de espacio, llamado Suramérica, como una interesante alternativa. En este artículo se analiza el papel de Brasil como potencia regional que lidera la construcción de este nuevo espacio. Asimismo analiza el papel de Colombia, tradicional aliado de Estados Unidos, ante la aparición del liderazgo brasileño.

Author: Ricardo Betancourt Vélez
Spanish Title: ¿El ocaso de la Doctrina Monroe? Colombia y Brasil, entre el norte de siempre y un sur renovado
Full document: 2014, Betancourt, ¿El Ocaso de la Doctrina Monroe? Colombia y Brasil, entre el Norte de Siempre y un Sur Renovado

August 10, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio
English, Journal Articles

Institutional Contestation: Colombia in the Pacific Alliance

Abstract:
Emerging powers have tried to build functional regional power bases in their respective spheres of influence to gain support for their leadership projects and representative capacities on the global stage. This has caused diverse contestational responses by secondary powers in differentregional orders. In this context, we analyse the shift of Colombia’s contestation approach towards the Brazilian leadership claim in South America. With the arrival of President Santos, Colombia turned from collateral hard balancing against Brazil to institutional contestation through the Pacific Alliance. Besides furnishing evidence of the broader Colombian soft-balancing strategy in other policy areas, the article explores and balances the domestic, structural and behavioural drivers of the strategic turn to institutional contestation through the Pacific Alliance without neglecting the economic and political motives of Colombia’s engagement in the pro-market alliance.

Resumen:
No disponible

Authors: Daniel Flemes and Rafael Castro
Journal reference: Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 78–92, 2016
Full document: not available

March 22, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio

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Hello my name is Ana Maria Palacio. I have a PhD from the University of Melbourne. This blog is about my thesis project, the Pacific Alliance.

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