Regional Integration in Latin America - The Pacific Alliance a Way Ahead
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Regional Integration in Latin America - The Pacific Alliance a Way Ahead
Journal Articles, Spanish

Structural Analysis of the Economic Network of Exports and Imports of the Pacific Alliance and the Southern Common Market

Abstract:
Several integration treaties have occurred in the history of Latin America. The most recent of them is the Pacific Alliance, which represents an opportunity for regional unification with the Southern Common Market. Studies on this issue and trade about integrations with central structures and blocs of countries on the periphery which promote regional asymmetries are recurrent. Consistent with this, the objective of this study is to analyse the structural centrality of the commercial, economic exchange of both blocs and eventual integration. The research method involved calculating centrality metrics grounded in network theory. It is concluded that the blocks have a layered structure and final effective integration should move towards a strategic regionalism.

Resumen:
Diversos tratados de integración han ocurrido en la historia de Latinoamérica. El más reciente de ellos es la Alianza del Pacífico, que representa una oportunidad de unificación regional con el Mercado Común del Sur. Los estudios sobre este tema e intercambios comerciales son recurrentes en integraciones con estructuras centrales y bloques de países en la periferia que fomentan asimetrías regionales. Consecuente con esto, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar estructuralmente la centralidad del intercambio económico comercial de ambos bloques y de una eventual integración. El método de investigación implicó calcular métricas de centralidad fundamentadas en la teoría de redes. A partir de lo anterior, se concluye que los bloques tienen una estructura estratificada y que una eventual integración eficaz debe transitar hacia un regionalismo estratégico.

Author: Fernando Lámbarry Vilchis
Spanish Title: Análisis Estructural de la Red Económica de Exportaciones e Importaciones de la Alianza del Pacífico y el Mercado Común del Sur
Full document: 2016, Lambarra, Análisis Estructural de la Red Económica de Exportaciones e Importaciones de la Alianza del Pacífico y el Mercado Común del Sur

March 13, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

Strategic Regionalism, South-South Cooperation and Development in Latin America in the XXI Century

Abstract:
The beginning of the 21st century is accompanied by changes in the global geopolitics of which the Latin-American continent is a protagonist.
The relationship, both political and economic, is more than ever going through significant reconfiguration from the countries of our continent through the establishment of regional blocs. On the one hand, these groups of countries may follow the dynamics of subordination to the neoliberal model that has characterised the power relations of the international system in the last decades. On the other hand, they may represent an obstacle for the reproduction of this scheme of subordination and alignment.
Based on this situation, the paper seeks to examine the hallmarks of this change in geopolitical paradigms, from the Latin-American perspective. This study is conducted based on the analysis of what has been called Strategic Regionalism.
Subsequently, the paper examines the relationship that the above-mentioned issue has with the evolution of the concept of development from the last century to present days. It also explores its relationship with the strategies on International Cooperation for Development. Finally, based on these two mains subjects, the paper discusses the role that the countries from the south, mainly from Latin-American, have in the System of International Cooperation for Development under the South-South format.

Resumen:
El inicio del siglo XXI está acompañado de cambios en la geopolítica mundial, de los cuales el continente latinoamericano es protagonista. La relación Norte-Sur en tanto política como económica, atraviesa hoy más que nunca por grandes reconfiguraciones desde nuestro continente a través de la conformación de bloques regionales que, por un lado pueden seguir las dinámicas de subordinación al modelo neoliberal que han caracterizado las relaciones de poder del sistema internacional en las últimas décadas, pero, por otro, pueden representar un obstáculo para la reproducción de este esquema de subordinación y alineamiento.
A la luz de esta idea, este trabajo pretende en su primera parte analizar los rasgos distintivos de este cambio de paradigmas desde la perspectiva latinoamericana, partiendo del análisis del llamado regionalismo estratégico. Posteriormente se analizará la relación que lo anterior guarda con la evolución del concepto de desarrollo desde el siglo pasado hasta nuestros días, así como sus consecuentes estrategias de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo. Finalmente, y en base a estas dos primeras ideas, se examina el rol que tienen los países del sur, principalmente en Latinoamérica, en el Sistema de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo bajo el formato Sur-Sur.

Authors: Giuseppe Lo Brutto and Edgar Ignacio González Reyes
Spanish Title: Regionalismo Estratégico, Cooperación Sur-sur y Desarrollo en América Latina en el Siglo XXI
Full document: 2015, Lo Brutto & González, Regionalismo Estratégico, Cooperación Sur-Sur y Desarrollo en América Latina en el S XXI

March 10, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

The Pacific Alliance: A New Example of Regionalism in Latin America

Abstract:
The Pacific Alliance was established as a project of deep integration between Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The question raised in this paper is which of the Latin American regionalism approaches is better suited for the theoretical characterisation of the Pacific Alliance initiative? The concepts of open regionalism and strategic regionalism are explained for the characterisation of this initiative, and their limits are highlighted by empirical evidence. The paper concludes that regionalism concepts that give greater emphasis to commercial dynamics are not sufficient to understand the current operation and performance of the Pacific Alliance. As such, a complementary analytical approach is introduced responding to the long-term global dynamics.

Resumen:
La Alianza del Pacífico se instituyó como una propuesta de integración profunda entre Chile, Colombia, México y Perú. La pregunta que se plantea en este trabajo es ¿cuál de los enfoques del regionalismo en América Latina es el más idóneo para caracterizar teóricamente la iniciativa de la Alianza del Pacífico? En este sentido, se exponen los conceptos de regionalismo abierto y regionalismo estratégico para caracterizar esta iniciativa, y se resaltan sus límites a partir de evidencia empírica. El trabajo concluye que los conceptos de regionalismo que dan mayor énfasis a las dinámicas comerciales no son suficientes para comprender el funcionamiento y desempeño actual de la Alianza del Pacífico, por lo que se introduce un enfoque analítico complementario, el cual responde a dinámicas globales de largo plazo.

Authors: Daniel Rojas and José Miguel Terán
Spanish Title: La Alianza del Pacífico: Nueva Muestra del Regionalismo en América Latina
Full document: 2016, Rojas & Terán, La Alianza del Pacífico- Nueva Muestra del Regionalismo en América Latina

March 10, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

Axes and Models in the Current Scenario of Regional Economic Integration in Latin America

Abstract:
This paper analyses the current scenario of regional economic integration in Latin America. Thus, we argue that a fragmentation of regional integration in three axes currently exists in Latin America: an open integration axis, a revisionist axis and an anti-systemic axis. In each of these axes, different models of regional integration have been adopted.
By using Max Weber’s idea on ideal types, we propose three models of regional integration: strategic regionalism, productive regionalism and social regionalism. In the paper, we examine interactions between the current axis and models of economic integration in Latin America.

Resumen:
Este trabajo se propone revisar el escenario actual de la integración regional en América Latina. En este sentido, se argumenta que en la región existe actualmente una fragmentación de la integración económica en tres ejes: un eje de integración abierta, un eje revisionista y un eje anti-sistémico. En cada uno de estos ejes se han adoptado distintos modelos económicos de integración. Acudiendo a Max Weber proponemos la existencia de tres tipos ideales de modelos de integración económica: el regionalismo estratégico, el regionalismo productivo y el regionalismo social. En el trabajo se analizan las interacciones existentes entre los ejes y los modelos de integración existentes en la región latinoamericana.

Author: Jose Briceño Ruiz
Full document: 2013, Briceño, Ejes y Modelos en la Etapa Actual de la Integración Económica Regional en América Latina

February 11, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio

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Hello my name is Ana Maria Palacio. I have a PhD from the University of Melbourne. This blog is about my thesis project, the Pacific Alliance.

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