Abstract:
This paper analyzes the economic integration policies implemented by economies of both shores of the Pacific basin through three instruments under negotiation: the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (tpp), the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (rcep), and Pacific Alliance (ap).
The paper investigates Mexico’s participation in the tpp and the ap. It also points out the importance for the Mexican economy’s relationship between ap and tpp with the rcep. Referentially, the paper analyzes the correlation between these three instruments with economic regionalization projects in the Americas and Europe, including new free trade agreements.
The research is based mainly on the theoretical tools of international political economy and traditional constructivism. In this sense, the issues are addressed from a multilevel analysis (economic, military and international non-governmental actors), but with an emphasis on the economic level. The military subjects and role of transnational actors are addressing on complementary manner.

Resumen:
En este trabajo se analizan las políticas de integración económica puestas en práctica por los actores internacionales involucrados en la negociación de tres instrumentos en construcción: el Tratado Transpacífico de Asociación Económica Estratégica (tpp), el Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (rcep), ambos en el Pacífico asiático, y la Alianza del Pacífico (ap) en el Pacífico americano.
En el documento se plantea la perspectiva de México respecto de su participación activa, tanto en el tpp como en la Alianza del Pacífico, así como la necesidad de dar seguimiento, de manera permanente y sistemática, a otros procesos de regionalización de importancia global como el rcep y el tlc entre Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea.

Spanish Title: Las políticas de integración económica en el Pacífico asiático y el Pacífico latinoamericano: una perspectiva mexicana
Author: Roberto Hernández Hernández

Full document:2013, Hernandez, Las Políticas de Integración Económica en el Pacífico Asiático y el Pacífico Latinoamericano- una Perspectiva Mexicana

Abstract:
The Asia-Pacific region is the epicenter for the emergence of a series of mega-regional agreements such as the Trans-Pacific Agreement (TPP), the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), and the Pacific Alliance (PA) established in 2011 among Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. However, since early 2017 the region has experience rising protectionism, as seen in the decision of the United States to withdraw from TPP, sending shockwaves across the region.

The PA has decided to continue with its process, recently launching negotiations with four associated members (Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Singapore). This is the context of structural changes and uncertainty that the Pacific Alliance must now face. This raises questions such as: What role should the Pacific Alliance play in the new regional architecture in the Asia Pacific? How should the Pacific Alliance prepare to maintain its relevance in a context of mega-regional agreements that include several of its members? Based on these and other questions, the authors formulated a total of six scenarios that describe possible interactions among the Pacific Alliances and the other mega- regional agreements.

These scenarios were tested using GTAP to understand which of them would have a more positive impact on regional exports via both tariff reduction and trade facilitation measures. The results from these scenarios, suggest that the one that would have the greatest effect on exports would be the Integration of the Pacific Alliance economies to the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), followed by the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership with the participation of Colombia and China (CPTPP 13). These scenarios offer significant increases in the aggregate exports of the group, both in the face of the tariff reduction and in response to trade facilitation reforms.

Resumen:
No disponible

Authors: José Bernardo García, Camilo Pérez-Restrepo, María Teresa Uribe Jaramillo
Full document:2018, García et al, Understanding the relationship between Pacific Alliance and the mega – regional agreements in Asia – Pacific – what we learned from the GTAP simulation

Abstract:
The establishment of a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) is one of the priorities of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) to enhance regional economic integration beyond the Bogor Goals, as reflected in the Beijing Roadmap for APEC in 2014. Multiple pathways could converge into the FTAAP, and these include the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). This paper discusses the potential of the Pacific Alliance (PA) to provide an additional pathway that also contributes to the FTAAP process and regional integration in Asia-Pacific.

The analysis suggests that the PA can be considered a comprehensive mechanism that is in line with the Bogor Goals, and its achievements in areas such as market access, services, investment, and new generation issues suggest that it is a WTO+ agreement. However, some issues would need to be negotiated among its members—such as intellectual property, labour, and environmental protection—for the PA to profile itself as a pathway equivalent to the TPP. The PA, however, is more comprehensive than the RCEP. The analysis also suggests that despite having only four members, the PA is a “living agreement” and is open to other APEC economies for membership and, therefore, has the potential to become a region-wide agreement.

Resumen:
No disponible

Authors: Camilo Pérez-Restrepo and Adriana Roldan-Pérez
Full document: 2016, Restrepo & Roldan, Is the Pacific Alliance a Potential Pathway to the FTAAP?