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Regional Integration in Latin America - The Pacific Alliance a Way Ahead
Journal Articles, Spanish

The Pacific Alliance Eight Years after Its Creation. Critical Balance and Perspectives

Abstract:
Eight years after the Declaration of Lima (April 28, 2011), the Pacific Alliance continues to generate international interest. This integration mechanism emerged in a context of the transition of the global economy to a multipolar world, in which East Asia, led by the People’s Republic of China and Japan, has acquired a more significant economic role. In these circumstances, the Alliance was created as a new regional integration mechanism, which pursues a double objective: integration among its members and projection to the world, especially towards Asia-Pacific.

This article seeks to analyse and characterise the Pacific Alliance and to question the potential of this integration mechanism as to fulfilling its double objective by creating synergies between the different aspects that integrate it, and becoming a cooperation platform and a new integration model for Latin America. For this, in the first section, it summarises the most important milestones of the Alliance and its main initiatives. In the second section, it addresses the debate regarding its objectives and characterisation as a regional integration mechanism. The third section examines the expectations generated by the Alliance in terms of intra-regional and extra-regional integration and the conditions necessary for its success. The fourth section discusses the perspectives of this mechanism in light of recent events and changes in the global economy.

Resumen:
A ocho años de la Declaración de Lima (28 de abril de 2011), la Alianza del Pacífico sigue suscitando interés internacional. Este mecanismo de integración surgió en un contexto de transición de la economía global hacia un mundo multipolar, en el cual Asia del Este, liderada por la República Popular China y Japón, ha adquirido un mayor protagonismo económico. En este contexto, la Alianza se creó como un mecanismo de integración regional novedoso, que estableció un doble objetivo: integración entre sus miembros y proyección al mundo, en especial hacia el Asia-Pacífico.

Este texto se propone analizar y caracterizar la Alianza del Pacífico, e interrogarse acerca del potencial de este mecanismo de integración para: 1. cumplir con el doble objetivo que se propone, creando sinergias entre los distintos aspectos que lo integran; y 2. transformarse en una plataforma de cooperación y en un nuevo modelo de integración para América Latina. Para ello, resume en la primera sección los hitos más importantes de la Alianza y sus principales iniciativas. En la segunda sección, aborda el debate relativo a sus objetivos y caracterización en tanto mecanismo de integración regional. La tercera sección se dedica a las expectativas que generó la Alianza en materia de integración intrarregional y extrarregional y a las condiciones necesarias para su éxito, mientras que la cuarta sección discute las perspectivas de este mecanismo a la luz de acontecimientos y cambios recientes en la economía global.

Author: Geneviève Marchini

Spanish Title: La Alianza del Pacífico a ocho años de su creación. Balance crítico y perspectivas

Full document: 2019, Marchini, La Alianza del Pacífico a ocho años de su creación. Balance crítico y perspectivas

January 15, 2017by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

The Crafting of a World of Regions

Abstract:
Contrary to the conventional literature studying regional phenomena and according to the avatars of the European experience, I adopt a global and historical reading to explain the crafting of regional configurations as structural elements of the contemporary world space.

First, the article talks about how, from the middle of the 20th century, the regional integration manifests around the planet. Then, I highlight the interdependent relationships of the regionalism boom within the 90’s with the socio-historic process of the free trade barriers elimination. Finally, the article argues the consolidation of the inter-regionalism in parallel to the birth of the trans-regionalism in the 21st century.

Resumen:
Al contrario de la literatura convencional, que estudia los fenómenos regionales según los avatares de la experiencia europea, el autor adopta una lectura histórica y global para explicar la constitución de configuraciones regionales como elementos estructurantes del espacio mundial contemporáneo.

Primero señala cómo, desde mediados del siglo XX, la integración regional se manifiesta en todo el planeta. Enseguida, focalizado en la década de 1990, resalta los vínculos interdependientes del auge del regionalismo con el proceso sociohistórico de supresión de barreras al libre comercio. Finalmente, argumenta que en el siglo XXI se ha consolidado el interregionalismo y, en paralelo, germina el transregionalismo.

Author: Giovanni Molano-Cruz
Spanish Title: La Construcción de un Mundo de Regiones
Full Document: 2017, Molano, La Construcción de un Mundo de Regiones

August 13, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

The Relevance of the Forum for East Asia-Latin American Cooperation (FEALAC)

Author: Pío García
Abstract: not provided
Full document: 2011, García, La Importancia de FOCALAE para Colombia

March 13, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio
Journal Articles, Spanish

The Pacific Alliance and Asia Pacific: Parallel and Legal Limitations for Inter-Regional Cooperation

Abstract:
The study begins by putting on balance different ways to assess the political success of the Pacific Alliance (PA) during the few years of its existence. The text insists that the success was comprehensive among extra-regional governments and very limited among the governments of the countries in the Asia Pacific (the geostrategic target for the PA projection) countries.

In this context, the text proposes explanations for both situations. On the one hand, the document discusses the fundamental principles of the Pacific Alliance on the basis of legal axes that marked the convergence of the Mexican government with the authorities of the European Union in the Democratic Clause-Mexico Global Agreement European Union. The Accord refers to legal principles that require contracting parties to respect, within the scope of the sovereignty of each one, fundamental democratic principles.

Moreover, the paper analyses the factors limiting a similar convergence between the members of the PA and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). On the PA-side, it is the express wish to promote democracy and human rights, illustrated by the reforms of the fraction X of the Article 89 of the Constitution of the United Mexican States. On the ASEAN side, it is the vindication of the principles of the Charter of the United Nations; in its fundamental documents, the Association stresses non-intervention in the affairs of other States, renunciation of the threat or use of force, etc.

Resumen:
El estudio pone sobre la balanza diferentes maneras de evaluar el éxito político alcanzado por la Alianza del Pacífi co (AP) durante su existencia. Insiste en que el éxito ha sido muy amplio entre gobiernos de países extra-regionales y muy limitado entre los gobiernos de los países de Asia del Pacífico. El texto propone explicaciones sobre los alcances diferenciados de la proyección de la AP. Analiza principios básicos de la Alianza del Pacifico sobre la base de los ejes jurídicos que marcaron la convergencia del gobierno mexicano con las autoridades de la Unión Europea en la Cláusula Democrática del Acuerdo Global Unión Europea-México.

Este acuerdo se trata de principios jurídicos que obligan a las partes contratantes a respetar, dentro del ámbito de la soberanía de cada una de ellas, los principios democráticos fundamentales. Por otra parte, se analizan los factores que limitan una convergencia análoga entre los integrantes de la AP y los de la Asociación de Naciones del Sureste de Asia (ANSEA). Del lado de la AP, se refleja la voluntad expresa de promover la democracia y los derechos humanos, ilustrada por las reformas del artículo 89 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Del lado de la ANSEA, se trata de la reivindicación de los principios de la Carta de las Naciones, recuperados en los documentos fundamentales de la asociación.

Author: Juan José Ramírez Bonilla
Spanish Title: La Alianza del Pacífico y Asia del Pacífico: Paralelos y Limitantes Jurídicos para la Cooperación Interregional
Full document: 2016, Ramirez, La Alianza del Pacífico y Asia del Pacífico- Paralelos y Limitantes Jurídicos para la Cooperación Interregional

February 11, 2016by Ana Maria Palacio

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Hello my name is Ana Maria Palacio. I have a PhD from the University of Melbourne. This blog is about my thesis project, the Pacific Alliance.

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