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Regional Integration in Latin America - The Pacific Alliance a Way Ahead
Journal Articles, Spanish

New Challenges and Power Axes of Latin American Integration: Mercosur – Pacific Alliance Duality (2010–2017)

Abstract:
Latin American regional blocs face the challenge of finding a new system for international insertion. Mercosur and the rest of the regional blocs do not meet the real needs of global trade and economy. If governments fail to find effective solutions to the structural challenges posed by the new global context, Latin American integration will become isolated under any international context (Mercosur, UNASUR).

Political, economic and financial mechanisms need to be modernised because integration is crucial. Still, such integration needs to address more than just the economic aspect: it is also necessary to improve the living standards in each country, to strengthen democracy and to support self-determination in the region. Special consideration must be given to the Asuncion Treaty, which lists as its primary object “to strengthen development ensuring social justice.”

If governments continue prioritising only the economic aspect, the integration will suffer under the fluctuations of more developed economies. Since 2015, the Mercosur-Pacific Alliance duality has been one of the priorities to drive integration, as it provides an opportunity to boost development and expansion in regional economies. Entering into agreements with the European Union would also be beneficial, but these are more difficult to achieve. While this paper does not deal with this particular topic, it is one of the significant challenges and questions to be addressed by Mercosur as a whole.

Resumen:
Los bloques regionales latinoamericanos deben enfrentar los retos de buscar un nuevo sistema de inserción internacional. Es claro que el Mercosur y el resto de los bloques regionales no están a la altura de las necesidades reales de la economía y el comercio global. Si los gobiernos no dan respuestas ciertas a los desafíos estructurales que impone el nuevo contexto global, la integración latinoamericana sufrirá un aislamiento bajo cualquier contexto internacional (Mercosur, UNASUR).

Es necesario modernizar los mecanismos políticos, económicos y financieros, ya que la integración es una herramienta fundamental, pero no solo es económica, sino también es necesario elevar el nivel de vida de los países, fortalecer la democracia y también consolidar la autodeterminación de los países de la región. No hay que olvidar el Tratado de Asunción, el cual establece como objetivo primordial “fortalecer el desarrollo, con justicia social”; mientras los gobiernos prioricen solamente los aspectos económicos, la integración sufrirá los vaivenes de las economías con mayor desarrollo. Desde el 2015, la dualidad Mercosur-la Alianza del Pacífico es una de las prioridades para impulsar la integración y para generar un mayor desarrollo y expansión de las economías de la región.

Otro aspecto para no descartar, pero muy difícil de lograr, son los acuerdos con la Unión Europea. Si bien en el presente trabajo no está planteando este tema, se considera uno de los grandes interrogantes y desafíos que deberá lograr el Mercosur, en su conjunto.

Author: María de Monserrat Llairó
Spanish Title: Los nuevos desafíos y ejes de poder de la integración latinoamericana: la dualidad Mercosur – Alianza del Pacífico (2010–2017)
Full Document:2019, Llairó, New Challenges and Power Axes of Latin American Integration- Mercosur – Pacific Alliance Duality

January 15, 2017by Ana Maria Palacio

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